Thanks for the answer! I tried the suggested command sequence even before I wrote here. Joypads were detected in both cases by the "dmesg" command.
However, I managed to solve the problem by doing the following:
1) From Frontend press F4
2) sudo killall emulationstation
3) emulationstation
At the restart of the Forntend, the PS3 controller automatically worked. However, I noticed that when I restarted the system I had to repeat the command sequence above.
Then, from step 3, I continue like this:
4) Press START
5) Configure Input
6) Pressing any key on the controller, the same, was detected
7) I continue to configure the individual keys
8) Reboot
Everything works now !!!!